Stories From The Skanda Purana
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Libros > Arte hindú > Stories From The Skanda Purana
http://www.exoticindia.es/book/details/IDG605/
por Purnaprajna Dasa
Hardcover (Edición: 2005)Rasbihari Lal & Sons.
ISBN 8187812761
Tamaño: 9.2" X 6.3"
Páginas: 346
Precio: Euro 26.68
About the Book:
Siva cast his spiritual energies into a fire. But Agni, the fire god, could not bear its radiance for long. He cast it into river Ganga, causing its cool waters to boil. The terrible heat thus generated, set fire to the reeds on the river banks. In great blaze, Siva's energy transformed into a child, a buy with six beads and twelve arms.
When the fire died out, six wondering nymphs called the Kritikkas, found the baby. They nursed him and took him to Siva. The sight of this extraordinary child filled the god with awe. He was given many names: Skanda, the energetic emission; Gangeya, the son of Ganga: and Kartik, the son of the Krittika maidens. Siva gave him a powerful lance, vel, as a weapon: a rooster for his insignia: and a peacock for his vehicle, his vahana.
Back of the Book:
The Skanda Purana is one of the eighteen major Puranas, as stated in the Shirmad-Bhagavatam (12.7.23-24): "The eighteen major Punaras are the Brahama, Padma, Visnu, Siva, Linga, Garuda, Narada, Bhagavata, Agni, Skanda, Bhavisya, Brahma-vaivarta, Markandeya, Vamana, Varaha, Matsya, Kurma and Brahmanda Puranas." Of all the Puranas, the Skanda Purana is by far the largest, as explained in the Shrimad-Bhagavatam (12.13.4-9), containing eighty-one thousand one hundred verses.
The great acharyas, frequently quoted important verses from the Skand Purana. In a prabhupada to Shrimad-Bhagavatam (2.9.36), Srila Prabhupada wrote: "Srila Jiva Gosvami also quotes another common passage, which is found in three Puranas, namely the Padma Purana, Skanda Purana, Skanda Purana and Linga Purana. It runs as follows:"
alodya sarva-sastrani
Vicarya ca punah punah
idam ekam sunispannam
dhyeyo narayanah sada
"By scrutinizingly reviewing all the revealed scriptures and judging them again and again, it is now concluded that Lord Narayana is the Supreme Absolute Truth, and thus He alone should be worshiped."
INTRODUCTION:
The Skanda Purana is one of the eighteen major Puranas, as stated in the Shrimad-Bhagavatam (12.7.23.-24): "The eighteen major Puranas are the Brahama, Padma, Visnu, Siva, Linga, Garuda, Narada, Bhagavata, Agani, Skanda, Bhavisya, Brahama-vaivarta, Markandeya, Vamana, Varaha, Matsya, Kurma and Brahamanda Puranas."
Of all the Puranas, the Skanda Purana is by far the largest, as explained in the Shrimad-Bhagavatam (12.13.4-9): "The Brahama Purana consists of ten thousand verses, the Padma Purana of fifty-five thousand, Sri Visnu Purana of twenty-three thousand, the Siva Purana of twenty-four thousand and Srimad-Bhagavatam of eighteen thousand. The Narada Purana has twenty-five thousand verses, the Markandeya Purana nine thousand, the Agani Purana fifteen thousand four hundred, the Bhavisya Purana fourteen thousand five hundred, the Brahma-vaivarta Purana eighteen thousand the Linga Purana eleven thousand. The Varaha Purana contains twenty-four thousand verses, the Skanda Purana Eighty-one thousand one hundred, the Vamana Purana ten thousand, he Kurma Purana seventeen thousand, the Matsya Purana fourteen thousand, the Garuda Purana nineteen thousand and the Brahmanda Purana twelve thousand. Thus the total number of verses in all the Puranas is four hundred thousand. Eighteen thousand of these, once again, belong to the beautiful Bhagavatam."
Shrila Prabhupada frequently explained that, of the eighteen Puranas, six are meant for those in the mode of ignorance, six are meant for those in the mode of ignorance.
In a Bhagavad-gita lecture, Shrila Prabhupada once said, "There are eighteen Puranas. Man are conducted by there qualities: the modes of goodness, modes of passion and modes of ignorance. To reclaim all these conditioned soul in different varieties of life, there are presentation of the Puranas. Six Puranas are meant for those who are in the modes goodness. And six Puranas are meant for the persons who are in the modes passion. And six Puranas are for those who are in the modes ignorance. This Padma Purana is meant for the persons who are in the modes of goodness. In Vedic rituals, you find so many difference of ritualistic performances. It is due to different kinds of men. Just like you have heard the in the Vedic literature there is a ritualistic ceremony of offering goat sacrifice in the presence of goddess Kali. But this Purana, the Markandeya Purana, is meant of persons in the modes of ignorance."
As far as I know, Shrila Prabhupada never mentioned for which people the Skanda Purana was written. In the Garuda Purana, which is meant for those in the mode of goodness, it is said that those Puranas compiled for persons in passion and ignorance contain some sections beneficial for those in the mode of goodness. These sections can be enjoyed by persons cultivating the mode of goodness, while leaving aside the rest.
The Skanda Purana prinicipally deals with glorification of Lord Shiva and holy places of Pilgrimage associated with him. For this reason, I tend to think that this Purana is principally meant for those in the mode of ignorance.
In the Krishna Book, in the chapter entitled, The Deliverance of Lord Shiva, Shrila Prabhupada wrote: Vrkasura was searching after a benediction and trying to decide which of the three presiding deities to worship in order to get it. In the meantime he happened to meet the great sage Narada and consulted with him as to whom he should approach to achieve quick results form his austerity.
He inquired, " Of the three deities, namely Lord Brahma, Lord Visnu and Lord Siva, who is most quickly satisfied?"
Narada could understand the plan of the demon, and he advised him, " You had better worship Lord Siva; then you will quickly get the desired result. Lord Siva is very quickly satisfied and very quickly dissatisfied also. So you try to satisfy Lord Siva."
Narada also cited instances wherein demons like Ravana and Banasura were enriched with great opulence simply by satisfying Lord Siva with prayers. Because the great sage Narada was aware of the nature of the demon Vrkasura, he did not advise him to approach Visnu or Lord Brahma. Persons such as Vrkasura, who are situated in the material mode of ignorance, cannot stick to the worship of Visnu.
Still, there are very interesting sections of the Skanda Purana, such as those that describe the glories of Jagannatha Puri and Vyenkata Hill. And, so in all the Puranas, there are innumerable short statements that are veritable gems of wisdom.
The great acharyas, including Shrila Prabhupada, frequently quoted important verses from the Skanda Purana. In a purport to Shrimad-Bhagavatam (2.9.36), Shrila Prabhupada wrote: Srila Jiva Gosvami also quotes another common passage, which is found in three Puranas, namely the Padma Purana, Skanda Purana and Linga Purana. It runs as follows:
alodya sarva-sastrani
vicarya ca punah punah
idam ekam sunispannam
dhyeyo narayanah sada
"By scrutinizingly reviewing all the revealed scriptures and judging them again and again, it is now concluded that Lord Narayana is the Supreme Absolute Truth, and thus He alone should be worshiped."
Every day, in all ISKCON temples, a verse is chanted that is described by Shrila Prabhupada in a purport to Shri Chaitanya-charitamrita (Antya 16.96):
The remnants of Krsna's food are mixed with His saliva. In the Mhabharata and the Skanda Purana it is stated:
maha-prasade govinde nema-brahmani vaisnave
sv-alpa-punyavatam rajan visvaso naiva jayate
"Persons who are not very highly elevated in pious activities cannot believe in the remnants of food [prasadam] of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, nor in Govinda, the holy name of the Lord, nor in the Vaisnavas."
Purnaprajna Dasa
Skanda-purana
El Skandá purāṇá es el mayor mahā puraná, un género de dieciocho textos religiosos hindúes.1
- स्कन्दपुराण, en escritura devánagari del sánscrito.
- skandápurāṇa, en el sistema IAST de transliteración sánscrita.
Contenido[ocultar] |
[editar] Datación
Se desconoce su fecha de composición. Generalmente los hinduistas creen que todos los 18 mahā puranás fueron escritos por el sabio Viasa, aproximadamente en el siglo XXXVI a. C. (una fecha provista por el astrónomo Aria Bhatta en el siglo VI d. C.).
[editar] Contenido
El texto está dedicado principalmente a la vida y obra del dios Kartikeia (también llamado Skandá o Murugan), hijo del dios Shivá y la diosa Párvati. También contiene una serie de leyendas acerca de Shivá, y los lugares sagrados asociados con él. Este mahapuraná fue recitado por Skandá, y está disponible en distintas partes, a veces también fragmentada. También se describe la tradición shivaísta en la región Hemakuta (cerca de la ciudad de Viyaia Nagara, en el estado de Karnataka). El «Kashi khanda» (‘capítulo sobre Varanasi’) describe la misma tradición en la zona de Benarés, y el capítulo «Utkala khanda» la describe en el estado de Orissa.
[editar] Leyendas populares
En el Skandá puraná se describen algunos populares mitos hinduistas:
- El yagñá (sacrificio) de Prayápati Daksha.
- El batido del océano y la aparición del amrita (néctar de los dioses).
- La historia del demonio Taraka Asura.
- El nacimiento de la diosa Párvati y su matrimonio con el dios Shivá.
- El nacimiento del dios Skandá (o Karttikeya).
- Skandá asesina al demonio Tarakasura.
- El asesinato de Pralamba Asura.
- Las consultas de Karamdham.
- El asesinato de los demonios Shumbha, Nishumbha y Majisha Asura.
- La reseña de Vishnu kunda.
- La historia de Padmavati.
- Una descripción de los diversos lugares sagrados asociados con Shivá y Skandá.
- La historia de Trishanku y el sabio Vishuá Mitra.
- Descripción de los Narakas (infiernos).
- Descripción de los Yiotir lingas (importantes santuarios sagrados asociados con el dios Shivá).
[editar] Organización de los textos
Tradicionalmente, todo el cuerpo de textos que se consideran parte del Skandá puraná se agrupan de dos maneras. Según una tradición, los textos se deben agrupar en 6 samjitás (‘libros’), cada uno de los cuales consta de varios khaṇḍas (‘capítulos’). Según otra tradición, se deben agrupar en 7 khaṇḍas.
Las ediciones impresas disponibles en la actualidad fueron publicadas por:
- Ediciones Bangabasi Press (de Calcuta),
- Shri Venkateshvara Press (de Bombay, 1910)
- NK Press (de Lucknow).
- Banarsidass Motilal (de Nueva Delhi), traducción al inglés en 20 volúmenes, 1999-2003
Todas estas ediciones consisten en 7 khaṇḍas:2
- «Majéshwara khanda»
- «Vishnú khanda», o «Vaishnavá khanda»
- «Brahmá»
- «Kasi khanda»
- «Āvantia khanda»
- «Nagara khanda»
- «Prabhasa khanda»
[editar] Los khandas
- Maheśvara khaṇḍa:
- Kedāra khaṇḍa (35 capítulos),
- Kaumārika khaṇḍa, o Kumārika khaṇḍa (66 capítulos)
- Arunāchala khaṇḍa, o Arunāchala māhātmia.
- Pūrvārdha (13 capítulos)
- Uttarārdha (24 capítulos).
- Viṣṇu khaṇḍa, o Vaiṣṇava khaṇḍa
- Veṅkatāchala māhātmia (40 capítulos),
- Puruṣottama kṣetra māhātmia (49 capítulos),
- Badarika āśrama māhātmia (8 capítulos),
- Kārttika māsa māhātmia (36 capítulos),
- Mārgaśirṣa māsa māhātmia (17 capítulos),
- Bhāgavata māhātmia (4 capítulos),
- Vaiśākha māsa māhātmia (25 capítulos),
- Ayodhyā māhātmia (10 capítulos)
- Vāsudeva māhātmia (32 capítulos).
- Brahma khaṇḍa
- Setu māhātmia (52 capítulos),
- Dharmāraṇya khaṇḍa (40 capítulos)
- Uttara khaṇḍa, o Brahmottara khaṇḍa (22 capítulos).
- Kāśī khaṇḍa
- Pūrvārdha (50 capítulos)
- Uttarārdha (50 capítulos).
- Āvantya khaṇḍa
- Avanti kṣetra māhātmia (71 capítulos)
- Chatura śīti liṅga māhātmia (84 capítulos)
- Revā khaṇḍa (100 capítulos).
- Nāgara khaṇḍa (279 capítulos)
- Tirtha māhātmia
- Prabhāsa khaṇḍa (366 capítulos)
- Prabhāsa kṣetra māhātmia,
- Vastrāpatha kṣetra māhātmia,
- Arvuda khaṇḍa
- Dvarakā māhātmia3
[editar] Los samhitás
El segundo tipo de división del Skandá puraná se encuentra en algunos textos:
- el «Jalasia majatmia» del Agastia samjitá
- el Śaṁkarī saṁhitā
- el «Sambhava khāṇḍa» del Śaṁkarī saṁhitā
- el «Śiva māhātmya khaṇḍa» del Sūta saṁhitā
- el «Kālikā khaṇḍa» del Sanat kumāra saṁhitā.
Según estos textos, el Skandá puraná se compone de seis saṁhitās (secciones):
- Sanatkumāra saṁhitā
- Sūta saṁhitā (desaparecido, aunque se conserva un manuscrito de un comentario acerca de este samjitá, escrito por Madhava Acharia).
- Śaṁkarī saṁhitā
- Vaiṣṇavī saṁhitā (desaparecido)
- Brāhmī saṁhitā (desaparecido) y
- Saura saṁhitā.
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